FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Below is a list of some of the most commonly asked questions from customers.

Are there other names for Einkorn?

Yes, because of it’s ancient origins, einkorn is known by many names across the world: Triticum monococcum (Latin, scientific name), einkorn (German), small spelt (Italian), farro piccolo (Italian), engrain (French), Le petit épautre (French), tiphe (Greek), siyez (Turkish), and sifon (Hebrew). Learn more about the other names for einkorn here.

Where can I learn more about the nutritional benefits of einkorn?

We’ve summarized some important facts about Einkorn nutrition here.

Do you sell einkorn flour?

Yes, we offer two types of einkorn flour:

  1. Organic 100% Whole Grain Einkorn Flour (Freshly milled in our stone mill)
  2. Organic All-Purpose Einkorn Flour

Our Einkorn All-Purpose Flour is comparable to a “white einkorn flour”, only most white flours have additives (such as bleach and other chemicals).  Our flour does not.

Our 100% whole grain einkorn flour is freshly milled in our stone mill.  It ships the same day it is milled.

Both flours are available for purchase at our online store, here.

Even though we offer flour, we actually prefer and recommend that you grind your einkorn flour at home.

Here’s an article about why and how.

In short:

  • It’s more affordable (in the long run) to mill your flour at home because einkorn berries are less expensive than flour.
  • Properly stored, einkorn berries (unmilled) last for years, making it more affordable to stock up.
  • Flour oxidizes and loses its nutrients over time.
  • If not kept properly, flour will go rancid.
  • Milling einkorn flour at home is easier than ever, thanks to modern electric countertop mills.

What is the best grain mill for making einkorn flour at home?

Einkorn berries can be ground into flour with almost any counter top mill.  We recommend using the Mockmill countertop stone mill to produce the best flour.

We wrote a post about it.  In the post, you’ll find some helpful tips for selecting a mill and discount coupons to use if you’re serious about getting your own mill.  Click here to read it.

Plus, if you’d like to sift your freshly milled flour to remove some of the bran, and make more of an all-purpose flour, here is a flour sifter you may want to consider…

81VujMzmnkL._SL1500_Flour Sifter – 8 cup capacity.  Sturdy stainless steel.

Milling your own einkorn flour at home is a great idea if you plan to make einkorn a regular part of your life. Hopefully this information has been helpful as you embark on the journey.

Can I use these einkorn berries for seed?

Einkorn Wheat Kernels in the Hull

Einkorn grows natively in a hull that does not separate from the kernel during harvest.  To prepare einkorn for food, we use a dehulling process to remove the hull from the kernel.  The result is einkorn berries ready to be ground into flour and used for baking.

This makes einkorn very unique among varieties of wheat.  Experts say the hull protects the kernel from disease and rot.  As a result of this dehulling process, however,  some of the berries do not sprout as well as they would if they had been left in the hull.

If you plan to use the einkorn you purchase from our website as seed, you should first test a small amount to verify that it does sprout according to your expectations.

At some point in the future, we hope to offer einkorn seeds for sale. For now, they are so rare that it’s impractical to offer them for sale.

Where is this einkorn grown and is it organic?

The einkorn we offer is grown by our partner organic farmers in the western United States & Canada, and yes it is organically grown in accordance with our USDA organic certification.

How many cups of flour does 1 cup of einkorn berries make?

One cup of einkorn wheat berries will make about 1.5 cups of flour, depending on how finely you grind your flour.

Do you offer pricing for wholesale or bulk orders?

Yes, we are seeking wholesale partners who can offer einkorn in their local areas.  Please complete the bulk and wholesale application, and we’ll get back with you with pricing and wholesale requirements.

331 thoughts on “FAQ

  1. Lisa

    Can the berries be soaked to reduce the phytic acid content prior to grinding? If so, would you provide instructions? I’d like to try flours made from both soaking and sprouting the berries. Thank you!

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Lisa, Soaking the berries is what you would do for sprouting. They can be ground but only after they are completely dry. We use a dehydrator for that. Soaking refers too soaking the dough or batter with something acidic like lemon juice, yogurt, or kefir for a few hours before baking. Both reduce the phytic acid.

      Reply
      1. C

        Will the All Purpose Einkorn keep long term ,like a bag of regular All Purpose White Flour, in terms of not turning rancid as quickly as the ground wheatberries, because the germ and bran has been removed?

        Thanks

        Reply
        1. Admin

          Hi C, We remove the bran but not the germ, so it will not last quite as long. We recommend using it in 3-6 months.

          Reply
          1. Wendy Shine

            I was concerned as well but the taste is so good i am going through it faster than it could possibly go rancid. Lol

    2. Barb

      Have the fields used to grow your wheat been sprayed with gylphosate? Most if not all grain farmers do spray before seeding their fields and again before harvest to ‘dry’ the grain.
      Please let me know – thank you.

      As well my bag of einkron flour says product of Italy on it. Why is that if your farmers grow it in the western US and Canada?

      I will appreciate your response – thank you,
      Barb

      Reply
      1. Admin

        Hi Barb, thank you for your questions. we do not use glyphosate at any stage. As for the Italy thing, are you sure your einkorn is from us? Jovial is based out of Italy, so that could explain it.

        Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Alyson, we sometimes have seed available but, because of the demand for einkorn this, we don’t have any to spare. Feel free to check back next year if you’d like.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Gloria, I don’t know enough about her case to say for sure. It depends on what it is about wheat that she’s allergic to. If she has a gluten sensitivity, it’s very likely that einkorn won’t give her any problems.

      Reply
        1. Admin

          Hi Rockster, yes we’ve had people claim to have celiac and be able to eat einkorn with no issues, but since we really don’t know the specifics of their cases, we don’t encourage this. We recommend that those with full-blown celiac disease consult with a doctor first.

          Reply
          1. berger.benji

            I have been diagnosed celiac for 18 years and eating einkorn in sourdough form is the best thing that has ever happened to me as far as grains and bread Goes. Thank you so much for what you offer!!

        2. Cheryl LeValley

          You are assuming and perhaps misled but typical store grains have always had gluten. That would lead one to ask then what are changes in processing of the wheat that have caused digestive issues. I believe the biggest change is added glyphosate.
          I’m labeled as celiac and allergies show wheat, rye, barley among many things.
          I plan on trying this glyphosate free ancient grain before I make a blanket statement about its intollerability based only on what corrupt organization want you to know. I encourage you to research yourself.

          Reply
          1. Julie Henry

            In your research, you may have missed that commercially available wheat is very hybridized. This was begun in the late 50’s in to produce higher yield plants with less disease issues and in order to accommodate the commercial baking industry for higher yield, better texture and stronger gluten qualities. Unfortunately, what it has produced is a grain that is of little nutritional value, contains a “super-gluten” that causes those with gluten sensitivity to be intolerant of it, and all but destroyed the true value of products made with it. Research “wheat belly.” Because of the higher yield, it became necessary to find easier ways to harvest larger quantities in a short time frame so glyphosate was introduced to dry out the stalks, making it easier to go through the combines for harvest. The glyphosate is never removed from the wheat and so we are seeing the effects of ingesting large quantities of that poison in the development of cancers, celiacs, food sensitivities and more. The FDA approved glyphosate for the harvest process and does not currently require growers or product producers to test for or label their products as containing glyphosate as it is not considered to be part of the product.

  2. Roberta

    What is ideal hydration “bakers math” percentage for sourdough bread consisting of only whole grain einkorn flour ,salt, starter, and water? I know how to test modern wheat flour to find the ideal percentage of water for simple 4 ingredient bread but I know Einkorn is different. I have read it generally requires less hydration, like in the 60s , so what is the ideal hydration of whole grain in simple bread?

    Reply
  3. Lindsay

    Hello! I am wondering if your einkorn crosses with any other grains during hulling, packaging, or at any point during production? Is it rotated with other crops? I am specifically wondering if it could be micro-contaminated or cross-contaminated with modern wheat or any other gluten containing grain. I have several children with celiac and we have spent 2 years on SCD and Gaps to heal our digestive tract and reset the immune system to heal allergies. We are now ready to try einkorn but I need it to be 100% free from cross contamination. Can you speak to this? Thank you! By the way, I am specifically looking to buy your superpails for long term storage.

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Lindsay, thank you for you question. We do take fairly painstaking measures to avoid any contamination. We do rotate with alfalfa but not any kind of modern wheat. We do also sell spelt and emmer but they aren’t grown in the same fields and the mill is only used for einkorn. However, they are present in the same warehouse. We’re not able to make a 100% guarantee but hopefully that’s helpful.

      Reply
  4. Donna

    When were the wheat berries in the superpails that are currently on sale harvested? Are they also in Mylar bags with O2 absorbers? I want to use this in my long term food storage. Any information you could provide woul be greatly appreciated.

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Donna, Our current stock was harvested in Fall 2019. We store the berries in the hull as long as possible to maintain freshness. If you buy a super pail, it will bepacakged with a mylar bag and oxygen absorbers. Thank you!

      Reply
      1. Sarah

        Do you de-hull them right before shipping? How long should the super pails last if stored under the right temperature and humidity conditions? Also, once the pails and mylar bags are opened, can they be resealed or can the lid be reused? Or do you need to transfer the berries to a different storage container?

        Reply
        1. Admin

          Hi Sarah, the berries will last for years if stored cool and dry. The lid can be reused but not resealed. We don’t dehull it right before shipping but we dehull larger amounts as needed, so we do store most the berries in the hull until we need to dehull a new batch.

          Reply
  5. Lindsay

    Hello, I am very interested in buying in bulk, however, I need to know if there is a possibility of cross-contamination with other grains in any of the growing, harvesting, storing, or packaging process. We have a daughter with celiac and have to make sure there is no cross-contamination with modern wheat or other modern grains containing gluten. Thank you so much for your time. Looking forward to being a life-long customer.

    Reply
  6. Doug Shattuck

    Why is the 26.5 Super-Pail of Einkorn at a cost o $4.57/lb when we can buy a 25lb. bag of Einkorn @ $2.90/lb.? Is there a difference in the grain, or is the pail and liner that much more costly for those materials and shipping? Thanks

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Doug, thank you for the great question. Yes, the packaging is most of it. The pail itself costs more than a bag, but there is also a mylar bag and oxygen absorber. It is then sealed. So the materials and extra labor contribute to the cost. The grain is the same. If you are wanting to keep your grain in a bucket but aren’t interested in all that, I’d suggest buying a bucket yourself and transferring the grain into it once you get it in the bag from us.

      Reply
  7. Mary Rose

    Do the berries need to be looked through before grinding? I have a nutrimill and just purchased 48 pounds of berries. I’ve never looked through my other wheat berries before but wanted to be sure. Thanks!

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Mary, I don’t look through mine. There shouldn’t be a problem. Sometimes, you may find little black seeds. It’s just a weed seed that made it in, but it’s harmless and won’t do anything to the mill. If I happen to see one, I’ll take it out, but I don’t bother to look through it to find them.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Bethany, it should just be a few weeks. We have all the equipment now and are just in the process of assembling and testing. I’d be happy to notify you when it’s available for purchase.

      Reply
        1. Admin

          Hi Bethany, I have you on the list to be notified when the all-purpose flour is back in stock. Is that what you mean?

          Reply
  8. Ramona Johnson

    Interested in using this product to make bread, rolls, etc. I wonder if purchasing a small all purpose bag would be a good thing to try? Can I use a grinder or food processor to mill flour? Thank you,

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Ramona, the all-purpose flour is currently out of stock but you can absolutely use a grinder to mill the berries into flour. If you want something that more closely approaches all-purpose flour, you can do some sifting. I haven’t tried milling berries in a food processor, but we do have customers that use a high power blender. It won’t be as fine as what you can get with a grain mill, but it will work.

      Reply
  9. Lynn Cleaveland

    Thanks for all the information on your website but I did not see a comparison of berry pounds to flour cups. I saw that approximately 1 cup of berries makes about 1.5 cups of flour. Your packages are by weight (pounds). One pound of berries equals (approximately) cups of flour?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Lynn, great question! Actually we’ve found that 1 cup of berries grinds to about 2 cups of flour. And there are about 2 cups of berries in a pound. So, for example, if you bought the smallest package (2.5lbs), that would be about 5 cups of berries or about 10cups of flour. I hope that helps!

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Kevin, yes you can! Just select the local pickup option at checkout and then let us know a couple days in advance when you plan to come.

      Reply
  10. Andrea Orpineda-Fiacco

    Hello!
    We love all our Einkorn products and I love cooking the fresh breads for my family. I am currently trying to learn how to make a sourdough starter. I would like to buy the super buckets of Einkorn wheat berries to include in our emergency long-term food storage. We were wondering the expected shelf-life if the buckets were kept in our dark dry garage. We are right on the Pacific ocean of San Diego county so the temperatures are 40-60 almost year round. We hit higher temperatures of 80-90 for only a few months during the summer. Do you think 10 -15 years is a reasonable guess? Or is the shelf life more like 5-10 years? Thank you so much! Blessings!

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Andrea, thank you for your question. It’s hard to guarantee they will last up to fifteen years since we haven’t been around that long, but it would not at all surprise me. They should last for years if stored cool and dry, and the superpails should prevent weevils as well.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Dan, we’re getting close to finishing up a new facility. I would be happy to let you know when we’re ready to take orders again.

      Reply
  11. A. Nelson

    I love your einkorn more then any other I have tried! It’s the only wheat I use regularly and the few times I have tried spelt again, after only using einkorn for the past couple years, my hubby and I realized how spoiled we are as einkorn gives a finer and just overall great texture.
    My question is, when will your bulk einkorn in buckets be available again?
    Thanks so much and keep up the great work! Merry CHRISTmas and Happy New Year!

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Hannah, if you will use it in a few days, you can just keep it in the pantry. If not, I’d suggest refrigerating or freezing. Make sure to store it in an airtight container if you’re freezing.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Kelsey, the pails are designed to last years, but storage conditions still have an affect. Cool and dry is best. Once the seal is broken, we recommend using it within a year. It could potentially last longer than that even opened, but that is safest.

      Reply
  12. Sammy

    If I buy berries in the paper bags, and then transfer them immediately to Mylar bags with o2 absorbers and in buckets (to save $), will they last as long as your pre-packaged super pails? Meaning, will the delay in packing them up for long term storage affect their shelf life?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Sammy, yes, that should help with storing long term. The only difference is our buckets are sealed, but the berries can last for years stored that way.

      Reply
  13. Lindsay C

    Once a super pail is opened, how quickly must the berries be used before spoilage? Do the remaining berries need to be sealed in something else once pail is opened or can we keep remaining berries in the pail with lid back on while we work to consume in recommended timeframe?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Lindsay, the berries are fine to still be stored in the pail. The seal will be broken, but it still has the oxygen absorber and mylar bag that are good for storage. It can last for years once the seal is broken, but a lot depends on the temperature and humidity of your storage space. Cool and dry is important.

      Reply
  14. speedstarr35

    Hello,
    Do you clean your equipment when you harvest the spelt and emmer before harvesting the einkorn? Or do you have separate equipment for the einkorn harvesting by chance? With your new facility to you segregate your spelt & emmer from the einkorn now? Thank you kindly in advance 🙂

    Reply
  15. Colleen Matijasick

    Can the all purpose and whole grain Einkorn flours be vacuum sealed with an oxygen absorber for long term storage?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Colleen, yes you can do that if you’d like. Our super pails are packaged with oxygen absorbers. They aren’t vacuum sealed but they are in a mylar bag and sealed in a pail if that’s easier for you.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Bruce, we haven’t had it tested since it rolled out so recently. It will obviously not have as much with the bran removed, but it does retain the germ which has some fiber. It’s not going to be as stripped of fiber as white flour from the store, for example.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Sandra, they are as interchangeable as white flour and whole wheat flour. So, yes you can use them interchangeably, but the finished product will be different. The whole grain will have more flavor, be darker, and likely a little denser.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Andrea, we have tried different varieties of blonde and brown einkorn. Brown is our favorite for breadmaking and what we currently sell.

      Reply
  16. Wendy Shine

    I am so excited about trying this ancient grain. I am waiting for my mill and i have received my berries. I would like to know if i can store them in a mason jar with a rubber ring and if i can leave it on my counter top out of direct sunlight with out damage? I only have a 2.5 lb bag and most of it would fit in my huge mason jar.
    Thank you for being faithful to this mission you have.
    Wendy.

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Wendy, yes, that would be a fine way to store it. The most important thing is that it is stored in a cool, dry place.

      Reply
  17. Zane

    I tried eating some raw berries and it was surprisingly tasty and easy to chew. Is this safe to do? Should I worry about contamination issues like raw flour can have?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Zane, it is likely safe to do. We don’t use any chemicals at any stage of the process. Also, einkorn grows in a tough hull that has been removed before it ships to you. The hull protects the berry.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Gary, it’s about 3-6 months. It could potentially last longer but needs to be stored cool and dry. You could refrigerate or freeze to prolong shelf life.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Dusty, the most important thing is that they are stored cool and dry. If that is not possible in your house, you can freeze or refrigerate in an airtight container.

      Reply
  18. Laurie Krepcio

    Is it ok to store the Einkorn Flour in Tupperware since they seal air tight? And can it sit in my pantry in Tupperware since my refrigerator in our Apartment is small? Also is the All Purpose flour able to be used in most cake and cookie recipe’s or does it work differently too like the whole grain Einkorn and need to have special Einkorn recipe’s ?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Laurie, yes it’s fine to store in tupperware. It can sit in the pantry, but needs to be cool and dry. Einkorn generally can’t be used straight across in a recipe that calls for modern wheat. I would start with recipes written for einkorn.

      Reply
  19. Laurie Krepcio

    Can Einkorn Flour be used in a Bread Machine to make bread? If so can both Flours be used to make bread in the Machine. Would the Quick Bread Cycle need to be used instead of the Regular Cycle which I think kneads the dough more often. Do you have Recipes for making Bread in the Bread Machine? Would the ingredients be different measurements from store bought flour?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Laurie, unfortunately we have never had a bread machine, so we haven’t developed a recipe for that. I would do a google search and see if anyone else has a recipe for that.

      Reply
  20. Laura Stiehl

    I have a shipping-related question: with all the wet winter weather, if I place an order for Einkorn in a paper bag, what are the chances that the grain will become wet/damp/moist in transit?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Laura, things like that happen occasionally. But we will replace packages with shipping damage. We just need sufficient information to file a claim with the shipper.

      Reply
  21. Robert MacMullin

    Ok some of the recipes have dairy, salt, and/or oil components. What would be good replacements for these if for anyone practicing a whole food plant based diet?

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Robert, I’m not sure what you would substitute for salt. Any non-dairy milk will generally work as a milk substitute. As for oil, it depends. Applesauce is a good substitute in sweet things. I’ve also heard of using mashed avocado, nut butters (including coconut butter), but I haven’t tried all of them, so I can’t vouch for the finished product.

      Reply
  22. Danny

    Hello, are there any differences between the Italian Einkorn flour and the north American Einkorn flour? Does the type of soil affect the grain in any way? I’ve been under the impression that it does. but not sure by how much?

    Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Danny. Great question. Type of soil can affect the grain but the quality of the soil is generally controlled by the farmer and how he manages his fields. Here at Grand Teton Ancient Grains in Teton, Idaho we grow organically so we never use pesticides or chemical fertilizers. We use more natural methods to keep our fields healthy so we can grow the best quality grains. Those methods include planting cover crops which are then plowed into the soil to compost naturally, rotating crops so we don’t deplete the soil, and amending the soil with natural composts and “teas”. It doesn’t matter if your flour comes from Italy or from North America but it matters how the farmer manages the field the Einkorn is grown on. We manage our fields to produce the best quality Organic Einkorn available anywhere!

      Reply
  23. Rebekah

    Hi I was curious on how to store the freshly milled grains…should we freeze in freezer bags to make them last? Also someone mentioned freezing grains or fresh flour for 10 days before use to kill any critters….is this needed?

    Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Rebekah. You can freeze your flour in the freezer and it will last a long time there. It is good for a couple months in the pantry and most people will use it before it goes rancid there. One big advantage to milling your own flour is that you can mill it in small batches as you need it. Whole Einkorn berries will last for years so if you just mill what you need then your flour won’t ever go bad.

      Freezing grains for 10 days will kill critters, but that isn’t a problem with Einkorn. Einkorn comes from the farm in a tough protective hull that keeps those critters out. We have to beat that hull off during the cleaning process before we ship it to you. Modern wheats have open hulls so the wheat berries are exposed and there is more risk of critters. Just another reason to choose Einkorn!

      Reply
  24. Sheila

    can you make a video of your Einkorn processing from seed planting to the finished product? I would love to see visually how you dehull the grain and how you are sifting it to make it All Purpose flour! That would be a great video/documentary to watch!

    Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Sheila. We are actually working on some videos. Do you follow us on social media? We are on Facebook @Einkorn and Instagram @einkorn_com. That is probably where you will see them first.

      Reply
  25. Rita Hider

    do you have a receipe for bread mixing your einkorn whole wheat flour and regular white flour and can itbe done

    Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Rita. We have this recipe for Basic White Einkorn Yeast Bread: https://www.einkorn.com/recipe/basic-white-einkorn-yeast-bread/ and this recipe for Whole Grain Einkorn Bread: https://www.einkorn.com/recipe/whole-grain-einkorn-bread/. You should be able to substitute regular white flour for part of the flour in either of these recipes. You can also take any recipe that calls for part whole wheat flour and us Einkorn flour in place of the whole wheat flour. Also, you can take any white bread recipe and substitute Einkorn flour for part of the white flour. I would probably start with 1/3 Einkorn flour and see how it turns out. If it works then maybe try 1/2 Einkorn flour the next time. Please let us know how that works for you. Thanks.

      Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Allan, einkorn has not undergone that process. It has not been modified by man and is considered “natures original wheat.”

      Reply
  26. Savannah

    Are you able to substitute einkorn all purpose flour for regular all purpose flour in baking recipes? If not, what adjustments are necessary? Should I only look for einkorn-specific recipes?

    Reply
    1. Grand Teton Ancient Grains

      Hi Savannah. You should be able to use our Organic Einkorn All-Purpose Flour in any recipe that calls for all-purpose flour. You may need to use slightly less water or liquids. Let us know how it goes. Thanks.

      Reply
  27. william neu

    Word on the internet is that modern semi-dwarf wheat is an appetite stimulant, as the gliadin is digested the opiate receptors in the brain are occupied by this broken down metabolite, thus the appetite for more food is generated.

    Assuming this is the case based on the supposed science, how does Einkorn affect the gut and brain?

    Appreciate the response.

    Bill

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi William, we haven’t done that specific research. Based on a lot of anecdotal evidence and research, einkorn is easier on the gut. I do not know about how it affects the brain.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Jodie. A vitamix will mill the berries into flour, but you can only do small amounts at a time and it will not be as fine as you can get with a mill. However, we have customers that do that and they seem happy with it.

      Reply
  28. Abdu

    Hello

    Thank you for amazing information, please I’m going to order and is there any coupon I should use?

    Many thanks

    Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Abdu, We aren’t running any promotions right now, but if you’ve subscribed to our email list, you’ll be notified when we run promotions.

      Reply
    1. Admin

      Hi Valerie, cool and dry is the most important thing. I’m not sure what you meant by “bill.” Either way, cool and dry is important. If you have trouble getting that condition or don’t want to use it within a few months, you could refrigerate or freeze the flour to prolong shelf life.

      Reply

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